What is the primary function of a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI)?

The primary function of a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) is to sense current flow and cut off electricity. This device is designed to detect imbalances between the incoming and outgoing electrical current, which can occur if there is a ground fault, such as when electrical current escapes to the ground through an unintended pathway, potentially causing electric shock. When the GFCI detects this imbalance, it quickly disconnects the power, which can help prevent serious injury or death from electric shock.

GFCIs are particularly important in areas where electrical circuits may come into contact with water, such as kitchens, bathrooms, and outdoors, enhancing safety in environments with higher risks of electrical hazards. This ability to monitor current flow and react promptly is a critical safety feature, making GFCIs an essential component of modern electrical safety systems.